See rafa on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "rafar",
"t": "to erode, to wear away"
},
"expansion": "Deverbal from rafar (“to erode, to wear away”)",
"name": "deverbal"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "gem-sue"
},
"expansion": "Suevic [Term?]",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hrapōną",
"t": "to scratch, scrape"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hrapōną (“to scratch, scrape”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "raffen"
},
"expansion": "German raffen",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Deverbal from rafar (“to erode, to wear away”), perhaps from Suevic [Term?], from Proto-Germanic *hrapōną (“to scratch, scrape”); compare German raffen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rafas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "rafa f (plural rafas)",
"name": "gl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "to erode, to wear away",
"translation": "to erode, to wear away",
"word": "rafar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "loaf",
"translation": "loaf",
"word": "rafón"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"crumb, sliver, shred, piece"
],
"id": "en-rafa-gl-noun-8n612dP7",
"links": [
[
"crumb",
"crumb"
],
[
"sliver",
"sliver"
],
[
"shred",
"shred"
],
[
"piece",
"piece"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "frangulla"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "42 58",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Galician deverbals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"crumb (the soft internal portion of bread)"
],
"id": "en-rafa-gl-noun-SVCJQfVu",
"links": [
[
"crumb",
"crumb"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "miga"
},
{
"word": "miolo"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈrafɐ]"
}
],
"word": "rafa"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "rafa",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 5 74 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Galician entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 5 81 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 90 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "rafar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of rafar:",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"id": "en-rafa-gl-verb-IaZwGOsn",
"links": [
[
"rafar",
"rafar#Galician"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "rafar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of rafar:",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"id": "en-rafa-gl-verb-20xySzW9",
"links": [
[
"rafar",
"rafar#Galician"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "rafa"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "rafa-rafa",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "rafa (plural rafa-rafa)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"rafak"
],
"id": "en-rafa-id-noun-kWPVnUjX",
"links": [
[
"rafak",
"rafak"
]
]
}
],
"word": "rafa"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rafa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rafy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rafy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rafie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rafom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rafę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rafy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rafą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rafami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rafie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rafach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rafo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rafy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "rafa f",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ra‧fa"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ra‧fa"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ra",
"2": "f"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms with collocations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
7
]
],
"english": "barrier reef",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "rafa barierowa",
"translation": "barrier reef",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"reef (rocks at or near surface of the water)"
],
"id": "en-rafa-pl-noun-~vBrQ883",
"links": [
[
"reef",
"reef"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈra.fa/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-afa"
}
],
"word": "rafa"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "rafas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "rafa f (plural rafas)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ra‧fa"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ra‧fa"
]
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a crack or fissure within armour"
],
"id": "en-rafa-es-noun-LYuz8Klo",
"links": [
[
"crack",
"crack"
],
[
"fissure",
"fissure"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈrafa/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈra.fa]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-afa"
}
],
"word": "rafa"
}
{
"categories": [
"Galician countable nouns",
"Galician deverbals",
"Galician entries with incorrect language header",
"Galician feminine nouns",
"Galician lemmas",
"Galician non-lemma forms",
"Galician nouns",
"Galician terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Galician terms derived from Suevic",
"Galician verb forms",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic term requests"
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "rafar",
"t": "to erode, to wear away"
},
"expansion": "Deverbal from rafar (“to erode, to wear away”)",
"name": "deverbal"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "gem-sue"
},
"expansion": "Suevic [Term?]",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hrapōną",
"t": "to scratch, scrape"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hrapōną (“to scratch, scrape”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "raffen"
},
"expansion": "German raffen",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Deverbal from rafar (“to erode, to wear away”), perhaps from Suevic [Term?], from Proto-Germanic *hrapōną (“to scratch, scrape”); compare German raffen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rafas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "rafa f (plural rafas)",
"name": "gl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "to erode, to wear away",
"translation": "to erode, to wear away",
"word": "rafar"
},
{
"english": "loaf",
"translation": "loaf",
"word": "rafón"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"crumb, sliver, shred, piece"
],
"links": [
[
"crumb",
"crumb"
],
[
"sliver",
"sliver"
],
[
"shred",
"shred"
],
[
"piece",
"piece"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "frangulla"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"crumb (the soft internal portion of bread)"
],
"links": [
[
"crumb",
"crumb"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "miga"
},
{
"word": "miolo"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈrafɐ]"
}
],
"word": "rafa"
}
{
"categories": [
"Galician entries with incorrect language header",
"Galician non-lemma forms",
"Galician verb forms",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "rafa",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "rafar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of rafar:",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"rafar",
"rafar#Galician"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "rafar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of rafar:",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"rafar",
"rafar#Galician"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "rafa"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "rafa-rafa",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "rafa (plural rafa-rafa)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Indonesian lemmas",
"Indonesian nouns",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"rafak"
],
"links": [
[
"rafak",
"rafak"
]
]
}
],
"word": "rafa"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rafa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rafy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rafy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rafie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rafom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rafę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rafy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rafą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rafami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rafie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rafach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rafo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rafy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "rafa f",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ra‧fa"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ra‧fa"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ra",
"2": "f"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish feminine nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with collocations",
"Rhymes:Polish/afa",
"Rhymes:Polish/afa/2 syllables"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
7
]
],
"english": "barrier reef",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "rafa barierowa",
"translation": "barrier reef",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"reef (rocks at or near surface of the water)"
],
"links": [
[
"reef",
"reef"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈra.fa/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-afa"
}
],
"word": "rafa"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "rafas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "rafa f (plural rafas)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ra‧fa"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ra‧fa"
]
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Spanish/afa",
"Rhymes:Spanish/afa/2 syllables",
"Spanish 2-syllable words",
"Spanish countable nouns",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish feminine nouns",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish nouns",
"Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"a crack or fissure within armour"
],
"links": [
[
"crack",
"crack"
],
[
"fissure",
"fissure"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈrafa/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈra.fa]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-afa"
}
],
"word": "rafa"
}
Download raw JSONL data for rafa meaning in All languages combined (6.3kB)
{
"called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
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"path": [
"rafa",
"Template:der",
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],
"section": "Galician",
"subsection": "",
"title": "rafa",
"trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n a { color: #9e9eff; }\n body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 494569246<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Fri, 18 Sep 2026 04:10:16 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}
{
"called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
"msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
"path": [
"rafa",
"Template:der",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:Module:etymology/templates:derived()"
],
"section": "Galician",
"subsection": "",
"title": "rafa",
"trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n a { color: #9e9eff; }\n body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 489006359<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Fri, 18 Sep 2026 04:11:12 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.